Highly aligned nanofibers were produced for a long spinning time however, additions make the setup rather complex and costly 28. used a parallel electrode collector instead of a regular rotating drum and placed a positively charged copper ring between the collector and needle.
Some researchers utilized auxiliary electrode setups to reach a high degree of control over the orientation and deposition of the electrospun fibers on the collector area 27. The authors claimed to have successfully removed voids and beads from the generated fibers, while prior processing to the electrospinning was needed 26. covered a plastic cup with aluminum foil and placed a copper wire at the center of the cup as the central pin while both connected to the same ground. This method can offer an enhanced orientation of fibers, nevertheless, this type of collector comes with a limited accessible area for collecting aligned fibers. 25 highly aligned fibers were successfully fabricated via a thin disc collector with a diameter of 280 mm and 200 mm, respectively. In this work, coaxial electrospinning was used to produce random/aligned fibers for wound healing application, even though the drug-loaded membrane did not exhibit a high alignment of the fibers 1. fabricated an aligned PCL membrane with chitosan to control the release of encapsulated ciprofloxacin. Researchers have proposed versatile methods to form aligned fibers 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. Moreover, producing highly aligned fibers may also require recruiting a complex setup (rotating the auxiliary electrodes around the needle axis) 16, costly additions (adding a parallel electrode collector) 17, and multiple stages of fabrication (post-drawing) 18. Nonetheless, a fine tuning of the collector’s speed is mandatory since high collector velocity worsen the fiber’s alignment due to a lack of control over the degree of anisotropy 14, 15. It is also reported that mandrel rotation may result in random fiber deposition at low speeds, while higher mandrel velocity could lead to well-oriented fibers. The conventional cylindrical mandrel, typically used for aligned fibers, comes with certain restrictions, including a lack of close control over the fiber deposition and alignment 13. High control over fibers’ orientation is crucial for widening the range of fiber applications, including drug delivery 1, tissue engineering 2, 3, 4, wound healing 5, biosensors 6, 7, nerve regeneration 8, 9, and other biomedical application 10, 11, 12. However, creation of aligned fibers is a function of multiple elements to be controlled and not only depend on the rotating drums. Commonly, far-field electrospinning setup is coupled with a rotating drum to create aligned fibers. Moreover, we employed machine learning algorithms to predict the outcomes and classify the high-quality fibers instead of low-quality productions.Įlectrospinning technique has been broadly hired to generate fibers from nano- to micro-scale from various polymers, co-polymers, and combinations of polymers. We thoroughly explored the impact of influential parameters, including polymer concentration, injection rate, collector rotation speed, distance from the collector to the tip, and needle gauge number on fibers’ quality and alignment. The electrospun poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers were assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fiber diameter distribution, water contact angle (WCA), Fast Fourier Transform analysis (FFT), surface plot profile, and pixel intensity plots. This simple, effective, and inexpensive technique yields high-quality ultra-aligned fibers while the setup remains intact for other fabrication types. The origami collector mounts on the rotating drum and can be easily attached and removed for each round of fiber fabrication. This study presents a new collector design with an origami structure to produce highly-aligned far-field electrospun fibers. Multiple studies present advances in the alignment of electrospun fibers which involve modification of the conventional electrospinning setup with complex additions, multi-phased fabrication, and expensive components. Fabrication of highly aligned fibers by far-field electrospinning is a challenging task to accomplish.
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